1,193 research outputs found
QuEST and High Performance Simulation of Quantum Computers
We introduce QuEST, the Quantum Exact Simulation Toolkit, and compare it to
ProjectQ, qHipster and a recent distributed implementation of Quantum++. QuEST
is the first open source, OpenMP and MPI hybridised, GPU accelerated simulator
of universal quantum circuits. Embodied as a C library, it is designed so that
a user's code can be deployed seamlessly to any platform from a laptop to a
supercomputer. QuEST is capable of simulating generic quantum circuits of
general single-qubit gates and multi-qubit controlled gates, on pure and mixed
states, represented as state-vectors and density matrices, and under the
presence of decoherence. Using the ARCUS Phase-B and ARCHER supercomputers, we
benchmark QuEST's simulation of random circuits of up to 38 qubits, distributed
over up to 2048 compute nodes, each with up to 24 cores. We directly compare
QuEST's performance to ProjectQ's on single machines, and discuss the
differences in distribution strategies of QuEST, qHipster and Quantum++. QuEST
shows excellent scaling, both strong and weak, on multicore and distributed
architectures.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures; fixed typos; updated QuEST URL and fixed typo in
Fig. 4 caption where ProjectQ and QuEST were swapped in speedup subplot
explanation; added explanation of simulation algorithm, updated bibliography;
stressed technical novelty of QuEST; mentioned new density matrix suppor
Variational ansatz-based quantum simulation of imaginary time evolution
Imaginary time evolution is a powerful tool for studying quantum systems.
While it is possible to simulate with a classical computer, the time and memory
requirements generally scale exponentially with the system size. Conversely,
quantum computers can efficiently simulate quantum systems, but not non-unitary
imaginary time evolution. We propose a variational algorithm for simulating
imaginary time evolution on a hybrid quantum computer. We use this algorithm to
find the ground-state energy of many-particle systems; specifically molecular
hydrogen and lithium hydride, finding the ground state with high probability.
Our method can also be applied to general optimisation problems and quantum
machine learning. As our algorithm is hybrid, suitable for error mitigation and
can exploit shallow quantum circuits, it can be implemented with current
quantum computers.Comment: 14 page
QuESTlink -- Mathematica embiggened by a hardware-optimised quantum emulator
We introduce QuESTlink, pronounced "quest link", an open-source Mathematica
package which efficiently emulates quantum computers. By integrating with the
Quantum Exact Simulation Toolkit (QuEST), QuESTlink offers a high-level,
expressive and usable interface to a high-performance, hardware-accelerated
emulator. Requiring no installation, QuESTlink streamlines the powerful
analysis capabilities of Mathematica into the study of quantum systems, even
utilising remote multicore and GPU hardware. We demonstrate the use of
QuESTlink to concisely and efficiently simulate several quantum algorithms, and
present some comparative benchmarking against core QuEST.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures; added new facilities and remote benchmarkin
Quantum compilation and circuit optimisation via energy dissipation
We describe a method for automatically recompiling a quantum circuit A into a
target circuit B, with the goal that both circuits have the same action on a
specific input i.e. A|in> = B|in>. This is of particular relevance to hybrid,
NISQ-era algorithms for dynamical simulation or eigensolving. The user
initially specifies B as a blank template: a layout of parameterised unitary
gates configured to the identity. The compilation then proceeds using quantum
hardware to perform an isomorphic energy-minimisation task, and optionally a
gate elimination phase to compress the circuit. We use a recently introduced
imaginary-time technique derived from McLachlan's variational principle. If the
template for B is too shallow for perfect recompilation then the method will
result in an approximate solution. As a demonstration we successfully recompile
a 7-qubit circuit involving 186 gates of multiple types into an alternative
form with a different topology, a far lower two-qubit gate count, and a smaller
family of gate types. We test the scaling of our algorithm on up to 20 qubits,
recompiling into circuits with up to 400 parameterized gates, and incorporate a
novel adaptive timestep technique. We note that a classical simulation of the
process can be useful to optimise circuits for today's prototypes, and more
generally the method may enable `blind' compilation i.e. harnessing a device
whose response to control parameters is deterministic but unknown.Comment: 13 pages, 10 figures; fixed table formats, elaborated on applications
and Trotter method in supplementary; added scaling tests and adaptive
timeste
The LSST Data Mining Research Agenda
We describe features of the LSST science database that are amenable to
scientific data mining, object classification, outlier identification, anomaly
detection, image quality assurance, and survey science validation. The data
mining research agenda includes: scalability (at petabytes scales) of existing
machine learning and data mining algorithms; development of grid-enabled
parallel data mining algorithms; designing a robust system for brokering
classifications from the LSST event pipeline (which may produce 10,000 or more
event alerts per night); multi-resolution methods for exploration of petascale
databases; indexing of multi-attribute multi-dimensional astronomical databases
(beyond spatial indexing) for rapid querying of petabyte databases; and more.Comment: 5 pages, Presented at the "Classification and Discovery in Large
Astronomical Surveys" meeting, Ringberg Castle, 14-17 October, 200
Distributed Simulation of Statevectors and Density Matrices
Classical simulation of quantum computers is an irreplaceable step in the
design of quantum algorithms. Exponential simulation costs demand the use of
high-performance computing techniques, and in particular distribution, whereby
the quantum state description is partitioned between a network of cooperating
computers - necessary for the exact simulation of more than approximately 30
qubits. Distributed computing is notoriously difficult, requiring bespoke
algorithms dissimilar to their serial counterparts with different resource
considerations, and which appear to restrict the utilities of a quantum
simulator. This manuscript presents a plethora of novel algorithms for
distributed full-state simulation of gates, operators, noise channels and other
calculations in digital quantum computers. We show how a simple, common but
seemingly restrictive distribution model actually permits a rich set of
advanced facilities including Pauli gadgets, many-controlled many-target
general unitaries, density matrices, general decoherence channels, and partial
traces. These algorithms include asymptotically, polynomially improved
simulations of exotic gates, and thorough motivations for high-performance
computing techniques which will be useful for even non-distributed simulators.
Our results are derived in language familiar to a quantum information theory
audience, and our algorithms formalised for the scientific simulation
community. We have implemented all algorithms herein presented into an
isolated, minimalist C++ project, hosted open-source on Github with a
permissive MIT license, and extensive testing. This manuscript aims both to
significantly improve the high-performance quantum simulation tools available,
and offer a thorough introduction to, and derivation of, full-state simulation
techniques.Comment: 56 pages, 18 figures, 28 algorithms, 1 tabl
The Virtual Quantum Device (VQD): A tool for detailed emulation of quantum computers
We present the Virtual Quantum Device (VQD) platform, a system based on the
QuEST quantum emulator. Through the use of VQDs, non-expert users can emulate
specific quantum computers with detailed error models, bespoke gate sets and
connectivities. The platform boasts an intuitive interface, powerful
visualisation, and compatibility with high-performance computation for
effective testing and optimisation of complex quantum algorithms or ideas
across a range of quantum computing hardware. We create and explore five
families of VQDs corresponding to trapped ions, nitrogen-vacancy-centres,
neutral atom arrays, silicon quantum dot spins, and superconducting devices.
Each is highly configurable through a set of tailored parameters. We showcase
the key characteristics of each virtual device, providing practical examples of
the tool's usefulness and highlighting each device's specific attributes. By
offering user-friendly encapsulated descriptions of diverse quantum hardware,
the VQD platform offers researchers the ability to rapidly explore algorithms
and protocols in a realisitic setting; meanwhile hardware experts can create
their own VQDs to compare with their experiments.Comment: 21 pages, 17 figures, comments are welcom
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